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The Federal Railroad Administration The Federal Railroad Administration is among the 10 agencies of the DOT that are accountable for intermodal transportation. Its mission is to enable the safe and reliable movement of people and goods. FRA field inspectors inspect the railroad track signals, train control and track systems, as well as operating practices. They also investigate complaints. Definition Federal railroads are the rail carriers in the United States controlled by the federal government. The Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) is responsible for the creation and enforcement of railway safety regulations, manages funds for railroads, and investigates ways to improve the efficiency of rail transportation systems. The FRA is part of the U.S. Department of Transportation's intermodal transportation division, and its chief executives are the Administrator as well as the Deputy Administrator. The agency is responsible for all passenger and freight transport that uses the rail network of the United States. In addition the agency is also involved in the rehabilitation of the Northeast Corridor rail passenger service and consolidates the government's support for rail transportation activities. In addition, the agency oversees the operation and ownership of all intermodal facilities, such as tracks, right-of-way equipment real property, and rolling stock, and provides the overall coordination of federal rail transportation programs. The FRA's responsibilities also include the establishment, through regulation and after an opportunity to comment, a procedure by which anyone can report to the Secretary Homeland Security any railroad security issues or deficiencies. The agency also formulates guidelines, conducts inspections and assesses compliance with its rail laws in six technical disciplines, including track, signal, and train control as well as motive power and equipment; operating procedures hazardous materials and highway-rail grade intersections. The agency is responsible of ensuring that the railroad transportation system operates in a secure, efficient, and environmentally friendly way. The agency also requires that railroads to provide a safe working environment and provide adequate training to their employees. The agency also sets and enforces railroad prices to ensure that the public is charged in a fair manner for transportation services. In addition the Federal Railroad Administration enacts and enforces rules to stop discrimination against railroad employees, as well as protects whistleblowers from retaliation from railroad carriers. The agency also has an procedure through which railroad employees can file complaints about the actions of the company. The agency's main mission is to ensure the safe, reliable and efficient movement of goods and people for a strong America today and in the future. The FRA accomplishes this through controlling rail safety, coordinating railroad assistance programmes conducting research in support of improving safety in the railroad industry and national transportation policy as well as coordinating the development of rail networks and assisting private companies manage railroads. In the past, railroads were essentially monopolies with little competition. In the end, the industry frequently abused its position in the market. This is why Congress created the Interstate Commerce Commission and other regulatory agencies to curb the abuses of railroad monopolies. Purpose The federal railroad is a government agency that makes rules, oversees funds for rail and studies ways to improve the nation's rail transportation system. It is responsible for both freight and passenger railroads and manages the nation's rail infrastructure. It is one of the ten agencies of the U.S. Department of Transportation. It is also tasked with maintaining and expanding existing rail systems, as well as ensuring the capability of the railroad industry to meet increasing demand for freight and travel as well as providing leadership in national and regional system planning. The government's primary responsibility in the railway industry is safety. The Federal Railroad Administration is responsible for this. It has a variety of divisions that oversee the country's freight and passenger railway operations. The most important of these is the Office of Railroad Safety, which has about 350 safety inspectors. It is responsible for conducting inspections to ensure compliance with regulations in six technical disciplines including track, signal and train control, motive power and equipment, operating practices, hazmat and highway-rail grade crossings. FRA has various departments, including the Office of Railroad Policy and Development. fela claims oversees the programs designed to improve passenger and freight railway transportation, including the Northeast Corridor Future. This department is also in charge of the grants that are made to help railways, and it works with other agencies in planning for the nation's rail needs. The FRA also has a responsibility to enforce federal laws related to railroads and workers. This includes preventing railroads from discriminating against workers and ensuring that injured railway workers are provided with transportation to the nearest hospital for first aid treatment. Railroads are also prohibited from delay or deny medical treatment for injured railway workers. The FRA is the primary regulator of the freight and passenger rail industries, but there are other organizations that manage the economic aspects of rail transport. Surface Transportation Board is responsible for establishing rates and managing the economics of the industry. It is the regulatory authority for railroad mergers, line-sales construction, and abandonment. Other responsibilities include establishing a process through regulations, after opportunity for public input, by which anyone may complain about alleged safety violations to the agency. Functions Railroads carry people and goods to and from cities in developed nations, as well as remote villages in less developed countries. They transport raw materials from processing and manufacturing facilities, and final products from these facilities to warehouses or stores. Railroads are an essential mode of transportation for a variety of essential commodities, including coal, oil, and grains. In 2020, freight railroads transported more than a quarter of all freight volume in the United America [PDF(PDF). A federal railroad operates as a business just like other businesses, with departments for marketing and operations, sales, and an executive department. The marketing and sales department works with potential and existing customers as well as clients to determine what services they require and how much they should cost. The operations department then creates rail services that meet these needs at the cheapest cost to make money for railroads. The executive department oversees the entire operation, ensuring that every department is running smoothly. The government supports railways in a variety ways including grants, to subsidised rates for government-owned transport. Congress also provides funds to help build new stations and tracks. These subsidies are often added to the revenue that railroads receive through tickets and freight contracts. In the United States, the government is the owner of the passenger railway Amtrak. It is a quasi-public, for-profit corporation with a significant stockholder, which is the United States government. The Federal Railroad Administration's (FRA) primary purpose is to create and enforce safety regulations for railroads. This involves regulating the mechanical condition of trains and the health and safety of railroad employees. FRA also collects data about rail security to identify patterns, areas that need improvement or attention from the regulatory side and to identify trends. In addition to these fundamental duties, FRA works on various other projects related to improving the economy and security of railway transportation in the United States. The agency, for example, aims to reduce the obstacles that can hinder railroads in implementing positive train control (PTC). PTC is a safety system that makes use of sensors and computers to stop a train at the moment it is too close to another object or vehicle. History In the 1820s-1830s the first railroads in America were built, primarily in New England and Mid-Atlantic. Railroads significantly accelerated industrialization in these areas, and also brought more food products to the market. This allowed the country become more independent and less dependent on imports. In the late 19th century, the railroad industry enjoyed a “Golden Age” in which new, more efficient raillines were constructed and passenger travel became popular. The government's efforts in expanding the railroad system was an important reason. For example the government provided land grants to homesteaders to encourage them to move to the West, and the Central Pacific and Union Pacific Railroads collaborated to build the first transcontinental railroad which enabled travel from New York to San Francisco in just six days. In the first half century, however, the demand for rail passenger services decreased, and other modes of transportation like planes and cars increased in popularity. However, stifling regulations stifled railroads' economic ability to compete. A series of bankruptcies, service cuts, and deferred maintenance was the next step. Uninformed federal rail regulations also contributed to the decline. In the year 1970 the federal government began to loosen the regulatory burdens on railroads. The Surface Transportation Board was established to oversee the economic aspects of the industry such as mergers and railroad rates. The Federal Railroad Administration was also established, which is responsible for establishing standards for rail safety and is among the 10 agencies of the U.S. Department of Transportation that oversees freight and passenger transportation. Since then, the railway infrastructure of the United America has seen a great deal of investment. The Northeast Corridor, for example was rebuilt to accommodate faster, more modern high speed ground transportation (HSGT) trains. There have also been efforts to create more efficient systems for freight rail. In the future, FRA hopes to continue its partnership with all transportation agencies to ensure the safety and reliability of railroads. It is the agency's job to help make sure that the transportation system of the United States is as efficient as it can be.